Description of Rat and Flea Fauna as Vectors In The Pes Observation Area of Pasuruan District, East Java in The Year 2018-2022

Abstract

Bubonic plague is an infectious disease that can be transmitted through rodents and vectors. The flea is the main vector of bubonic plague, Xenopsylla cheopis. Bubonic plague is a re-emerging disease, a disease that can reappear at any time. The bubonic plague control program is to carry out surveillance activities periodically both in the focus area and outside the focus. The purpose of this study was to describe the density of rat and flea fauna in the bubonic plague observation area of Pasuruan Regency. This data was obtained from surveillance activities conducted by BBTKLPP Surabaya in Pasuruan Regency. This type of research used descriptive research which could be seen from the time side of the data to be studied including retrospective cohort research methods. The variables of this study were rat density, flea density, trap success, general density index of flea, special index of flea. Data analysis used univariate analysis or descriptive analysis with data centering measures. The results showed that surveillance activities for five years from 2018 to 2022 conducted by BBTKLPP Surabaya in Pasuruan Regency were carried out in three locations, namely home, garden and forest areas. The most common rat caught was in the house area with the type of Rattus tanezumi. Meanwhile, the most flea found from the sweeping of rats were Xenopsylla cheopis. This condition could potentially lead to the transmission of bubonic plague and other diseases through rats and flea due to the presence of rats and flea in direct contact with humans. The density of rats and mice that are found in the home area or easily in direct contact with humans has the potential for transmission of bubonic plague and other diseases.